Rare five-letter words
Words that appear less than once per ten million words of English — many too rare for the corpus to measure at all.
Page 41 of 46. Read what this band means on the first page.
All 9,025 words, below Zipf 2
Each word links to its full page. The Zipf figure is the word's corpus frequency turned into a plain rate; definitions are selected and lightly formatted from Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0), and long entries may be shortened. A “past Wordle answer” line means the word appears in this site's recorded answer history; its solver-pressure figure ranks that recorded puzzle against all other recorded puzzles for a reference solver, so 70/100 reads “harder than 70% of them.” CEFR chips (A1–B2) estimate when English learners typically meet a word.
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SOREE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete form of sora (the bird). — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SORGO below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
sorghum — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SORNS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
third-person singular simple present indicative of sorn — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SORRA below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
sorrow — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SORUS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Any reproductive structure, in some lichens and fungi, that produces spores. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOTHS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of Soth — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOTOL below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Any of several species of North American desert plants of the genus Dasylirion, of the asparagus family. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOUCT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SOULY below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Soulful; characteristic of soul music. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOUMS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of soum — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOUTS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SOWAR below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A soldier on horseback, especially one during the British Raj. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOWCE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete form of souse. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOWFF below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SOWFS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SOWLS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of sowl — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOWMS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of sowm — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOWND below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete form of sound. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOWNE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete form of sound. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOWPS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SOWSE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete form of souse. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOWTH below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
to hum or whistle a low tone — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOXES below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of Sox — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SOYAS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SOYLE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete spelling of soil. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPADO below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Someone who has been castrated; a eunuch or castrato. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPAED below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
simple past and past participle of spae — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPAER below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
One who spaes or foretells; a diviner. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPAES below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
third-person singular simple present indicative of spae — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPAGS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPAHI below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
An Ottoman (Turkish empire) cavalryman, especially as recruited under a land-based system. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPAIL below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPAIT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPALD below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
To split. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPALE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A chip or splinter of wood. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPALT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
spelter. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPANE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
To wean; to spean. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPARD below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPAUL below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPAWL below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative form of spall. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPAWS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of spaw — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPAYD below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A surname. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPEAT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
One of the rods on which fish are placed to drain before being smoked. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPEIL below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPEKS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPELD below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A chip of wood; a splinter. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPELK below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A splinter, usually of wood. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPEOS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A tomb or temple carved from the solid rock — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPETS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
third-person singular simple present indicative of spet — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPEUG below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPEWY below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Feeling like vomiting; nauseous. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPIAL below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Espionage. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPIFS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Synonym of perfins. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPIKS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of spik — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPIMS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of spim — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPIRY below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Like or resembling a spire. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPLOG below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A fake blog, usually reusing content from other sources in order to generate link spam. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPODS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of spod — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPOOM below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
To sail briskly with the wind astern, with or without sails hoisted. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPOOT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPOSH below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Soft wet ground; mud or slush. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPOSO below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPRAD below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete form of spread. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPREW below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPROD below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPRUG below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
house sparrow — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPUED below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
simple past and past participle of spue — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPUER below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SPUES below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
third-person singular simple present indicative of spue — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPUGS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of spug — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPULE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A shoulder. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPUMY below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
frothy, emitting froth or spume — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPUTA below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of sputum — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPYAL below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A spy; one who spies. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SPYRE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete spelling of spire. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SQUEG below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
To undergo squegging. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SQUIT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A person of low status. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STAIG below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STAPS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
third-person singular simple present indicative of stap — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STAUN below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STAWS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STEAN below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A vessel made of clay or stone; a pot of stone or earth. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STEDD below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete form of stead. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STEDS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of sted — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STEIK below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative form of steek. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STEME below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete form of steam. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STEND below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
To rear or leap. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STEYS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of stey — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STIED below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
simple past and past participle of sty — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STILB below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
a unit of luminance equal to one candela per square centimetre — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STIME below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STIMY below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative spelling of stymie. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STIRE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STIRP below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A line descended from a single ancestor. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STIVY below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
close; stuffy; stifling — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STOAE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of stoa — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STOAI below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of stoa — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STOAS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of stoa — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STOBS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of stob — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STOGS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
third-person singular simple present indicative of stog — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STOGY below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative spelling of stogie. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STOIT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STOLN below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete form of stolen. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STOND below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
An impediment, obstacle or hindrance — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STONN below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STOOR below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative form of stour. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STOTS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
third-person singular simple present indicative of stot — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STOUN below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative form of stound. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STOWN below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STOWP below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative form of stoup. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STRAE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STRAG below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STRAK below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STRIG below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A pedicel or footstalk, especially of a flowering or fruit-bearing plant, such as the currant. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STUCS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STULM below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A shaft, conduit, adit, or gallery to drain a mine. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STUMS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of stum — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STUSH below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
posh; classy or stylish — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STYED below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Enclosed in a sty. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STYME below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative form of stime. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STYMY below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative spelling of stymie. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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STYRE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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STYTE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SUBAS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of Suba — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUDDS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of sudd — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUDOR below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Sweat; the salty fluid excreted by the sweat glands. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUENT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative spelling of suant (“even; smooth”) — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUERS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of suer — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUETE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SUETS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of suet — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUETY below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Resembling or characteristic of suet. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUGHS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SUGOS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SUHUR below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A pre-dawn breakfast during the Ramadan fasting. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUIDS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of suid — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUINT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A substance obtained from the dried perspiration of sheep wool, it is of a fatty and earthy consistency and contains potassium salts. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUJEE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative spelling of suji. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUKHS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of sukh — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUKIS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of suki — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SULLS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
third-person singular simple present indicative of sull — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SULPH below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SULUS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of sulu — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUMIS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SUMPH below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A dunce; a blockhead. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUNIS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of suni — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUNKS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SUNNS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SUNTS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SUONA below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A traditional Chinese double-reeded horn with a distinctively loud and high-pitched sound. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SURGY below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Rising in surges or billows; full of surges; resembling surges in motion or appearance; swelling. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUSED below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
simple past and past participle of sus — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SUSES below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SUSUS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of susu — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWACK below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Lithe; nimble. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWADS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of swad — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWALY below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Boggy; marshy. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWAPT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
simple past and past participle of swap — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWAYL below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SWEAL below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
To burn slowly. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWEEL below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SWEER below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Heavy. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWEES below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of swee — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWEIR below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative form of sweer. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWELT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
To die. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWERF below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative letter-case form of SWERF. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWEYS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SWIES below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of swy — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWILE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A seal (the animal). — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWITS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SWIVE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
To have sex with (someone). — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWOBS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of swob — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWOLN below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Obsolete form of swollen. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWOPS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of swop — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWOPT below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
simple past and past participle of swop — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SWOUN below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SYBBE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SYBOE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
A spring onion or green onion. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SYBOW below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative form of sybo. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SYCEE below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Imitation ingots made of paper, burnt as an offering in ancestral veneration on Tomb Sweeping Day or during the Ghost Festival. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SYCES below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of syce. (Alternative spelling of saises.) — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SYCON below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Any of the genus Sycon of sponges. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SYEDS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of Syed — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SYENS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of syen — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SYKER below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SYLIS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of syli — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SYMAR below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
Alternative form of simar. — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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SYNDS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SYNED below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SYNES below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SYPED below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SYPES below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SYPHS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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SYVER below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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TAALS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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TAATA below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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TABIS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of tabi — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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TABLS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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TABOS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
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TACES below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of tace — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
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TACHS below the measurement floor — too rare for the corpus to score
plural of tach — Wiktionary contributors (CC BY-SA 4.0)
How these scores are measured
Frequency scores come from the wordfreq project (data CC BY-SA 4.0), which averages word rates across books, subtitles, news and web text. A Zipf score is the base-10 logarithm of a word's uses per billion words, so each whole point is a tenfold change in frequency: Zipf 4 is ten uses per million words, Zipf 3 is one. The four bands split the site's accepted-guess list of 14,855 five-letter words at Zipf 4, 3 and 2 — round thresholds chosen from the observed distribution, not judgments about individual words.
A score of 0.0 is a marker, not a measurement: wordfreq's corpus never saw the word often enough to score it, which is true of 5,062 words in this band. Those entries say “below the measurement floor” and sort after every measured word.
“Past Wordle answer” claims come only from this site's recorded answer history, and the working answer pool never predicts what the NYT will choose. Solver-pressure figures are percentiles among recorded puzzles for a reference solver — a claim about those puzzles, not about players. Learner levels: The CEFR-J Wordlist Version 1.5. Compiled by Yukio Tono, Tokyo University of Foreign Studies. Retrieved from http://www.cefr-j.org/download.html on 1/20/2020.